С большой долей уверенности ожидается, что завтра в 9 утра по восточному стандартному времени (EST) ученые Большого Адронного Коллайдера в ЦЕРН объявят об обнаружении бозона Хиггса с массой 125 ГэВ при уровне статистической достоверности в 3.5 сигма. Не смотря то, что для полноценного утверждения об открытии необходима статистическая достоверность в 5 сигма, все, что больше 3 позволяет заявить о признаках существования частицы.

Насколько показал небрежный поиск в Интернете, два главных детектора ATLAS и CMS независимо друг от друга получили данные о существовании теоретически описанной частицы.

Подробности тут и в Гугле.

Большой адронный коллайдер (LHC) уже начал свою работу. Его запуск вызвал значительный интерес и сопровождался большим количеством разнообразных и, порой, антинаучных слухов и спекуляций.

Одной из важных целей работы LHC является проверка суперсимметричных моделей. Суперсимметрия как раз является областью моей научной деятельности, и я решил в научно-популярной форме попытаться рассказать, что же это такое.

Я остановлюсь в этой статье на современных теориях физики элементарных частиц, на некоторых идеях и следствиях этих теорий. Среди рассмотренных тем следующие:

• Стандартная модель фундаментальных взаимодействий (описывает практически все экспериментальные данные в физике элементарных частиц),
  
• ее достоинства и недостатки,
  
• идея суперсимметрии,
  
• решение многих проблем Стандартной модели при ее суперсимметричном обобщении,
  
• некоторые особенности минимальной суперсимметричной Стандартной модели (МССМ),
  
• экспериментальный статус суперсимметрии.
  

Я постарался вести рассказ максимально популярно, поэтому пришлось отказаться от математической строгости. Однако кое-где предполагается, что хабралюди, все-таки, еще помнят школьную математику и физику. Без этого было бы затруднительно, если вообще возможно, изложить часть понятий и идей.

Сотрудники CERN'а не остались равнодушными к весёлой истерии вокруг запуска Большого адронного коллайдра. Они написали Песнь о Коллайдре. В ролике на YouTube они пляшут на фоне интерьеров этого самого коллайдра и поют. Хорошо у них получается.



UPD: Этот же рэп с хорошим звуком (cпасибо  WilliamKidd!)

Large Hadron Rap
(C)Alpinekat: Katherine McAlpine

Twenty-seven kilometers of tunnel underground,
designed with mind to send protons around
a circle that crosses through Swtizerland and France.
Sixty nations contribute to scientific advance.

Two beams of protons swing 'round through the ring they ride
'til in the hearts of the detectors they're made to collide!

And all that energy packed in such a tiny bit of room
becomes mass particles created from the vacuum
And then....

LHCb sees where the antimatter's gone
ALICE looks at collisions of lead ions
CMS and ATLAS are two of a kind:
They're looking for whatever new particles they can find

The LHC accelerates the protons and the lead,
and the things that it discovers will rock you in the head.

We see asteroids and planets stars galore
We know a black hole resides at each galaxy's core.
But even all that matter cannot explain what holds
all these stars together something else remains.

This dark matter interacts only through gravity
And how do you catch a particle there's no way to see?
take it back to consevation of energy,
and the particles appear clear as can be

You see particles flyin' in jets they spray,
but you notice there ain't nothin' goin' the other way.

You say, "My law has just been violated!
That don't make sense!
There's gotta be another particle to make this balance!"

And it might be dark matter and for the first time,
we catch a glimpse of what must fill
most of the known 'Verse
Because...

LHCb sees where the antimatter's gone
ALICE looks at collisions of lead ions.
CMS and ATLAS are two of a kind
They're looking for whatever new particles they can find.

Antimatter is sort of like matter's evil twin.

Because except for charge and handedness of spin,
they're the same for a particle and its anti-self,
but you can't store an anti-particle of any shelf.

Cuz when it meets its normal twin, they both annihilate.
Matter turns to energy, and then, it dissipates.

When matter is created from energy,
which is exactly what they'll do in the LHC,
you get matter and antimatter in equalparts,
and they try to take this back to when the universe starts:
the Big Bang.

Back when all the matter exploded,
But the amount of antimatter was somehow eroded!
Because when we look around we see that matter abounds,
but the antimatter's nowhere to be found.
That's why....

LHCb sees where the antimatter's gone
ALICE looks at collisions of lead ions.
CMS and ATLAS are two of a kind:
They're looking for whatever new particles they can find.
The LHC accelerates the protons and the lead,
and the things that it discovers will rock you in the head.

The Higgs boson, that's the one that everybody talks about,
and it's the one sure thing that this machine will sort out.
If the Higgs exists they ought to see it right away,
And if it doesn't, the scientists will finally say,

"There is no Higgs! We need new physics
to account for why things have mass."
"Something in our Standard Model went awry!"

But the Higgs — I still haven't said just what it does.
They suppose that particles have mass because
There is this Higgs field that extends through all space,
and some particles slow down while other particles race
straight through, like the photon
it has no mass but something heavy
like the top quark, it's draggin' its ---(!)

And the Higgs is a boson that carries a force,
and makes particles take orders
from the field that is its source.
They'll detect it...

LHCb sees where the antimatter's gone
ALICE looks at collisions of lead ions.
CMS and ATLAS are two of a kind:
They're looking for whatever new particles they can find.

Now some of you may think that gravity is strong,
cuz when you fall off your bicycle, it don't take long
Until you hit the earth, and you say,"Dang that hurt!"

But if you think the force is powerful, you're wrong.
You see, gravity, it's weaker than weak!
And the reason why is something many scientists seek.

They think about dimensions.
We live in just three, but maybe there are others
that are too small to see.

It's into these dimensions that gravity extends,
which makes it seem weaker here on our end.

And these dimensions are rolled up, curled so tight
that they don't affect you in your day-to-day life.

but if you were as tiny as a graviton,
you could enter these dimensions and go wandering on.
And they'd find you...

When LHCb sees where the antimatter's gone
ALICE looks at collisions of lead ions.
CMS and ATLAS are two of a kind:
They're looking for whatever new particles they can find.
The LHC accelerates the protons and the lead,
and the things that it discovers will rock you in the head.

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